Pengaruh Media Audio Visual terhadap Peningkatan Daya Ingat Anak Usia Dini dalam Menganal Huruf Alfabet di RA Al-Fatah Langkaplancar

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of audio-visual media on improving early childhood memory in recognizing the alphabet at RA Al-Fatah Langkaplancar. The research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design of the pretest–posttest control group type, involving 30 children aged 5–6 years who were divided into an experimental group (using audio-visual media or “sound-enabled posters”) and a control group (using conventional methods). Data were collected through tests, observation, and documentation, and analyzed using the Independent Samples t-Test with SPSS 26.0. The findings revealed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores in the experimental group (p < 0.05), with the average score increasing from 52.47 to 76.20 (? 45.26%). This improvement was mainly attributed to the use of audio-visual media, while approximately 54.74% was estimated to be influenced by external factors, namely parental support (? 15%), a conducive learning environment (? 14%), individual child characteristics (? 13%), and the duration and consistency of media use (? 12.74%). The study’s limitations include the small sample size, being conducted in a single institution, and the absence of full randomization. These findings provide practical implications for early childhood educators to integrate audio-visual media into learning and encourage further research with stronger variable control. The novelty of this study lies in the use of “sound-enabled posters” as a simple and affordable audio-visual medium that effectively improves early childhood alphabet memory and offers contextual estimates of external factor contributions.